Pneumatic welder



Jan. 16, 1951 J GRAHAM 2,537,989

PNEUMATIC WELDER Filed June 1, 1949 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 favenz ai Harold J firm diig si .Ian. 16, 1951 J, GRAHAM 2,537,989

PNEUMATIC WELDER Filed June 1, 1949 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Jan. 16, 1951 PNEUMATIC WELDER Harold J. Graham, Highland Park, Mich., as-

signor to Graham Manufacturing Corporation, Detroit, Mich., a corporation of Michigan Application June 1, 1949, Serial No. 96,417

7 Claims.

This invention relates to welding apparatus and more particularly to percussion welding apparatus adapted for welding to a workpiece studs preferably but not exclusively of the type shown in my copending application Serial No. 43,498, now Patent No. 2,518,463 issued August 15, 1950.

Objects of this invention are to provide a welding tool and an associated electro-pneumatic system which will weld a stud to a workpiece, which produce a strong and flaw free union'between the stud and the piece, which inherently regulate the welding current, which are rapid in operation, which provid an automatic feed for the studs, which do not require a highly skilled operator, which are simple and safe to use, which are adapted to pass production welding techniques, and which advance the art for welding generally.

In a broad aspect the invention contemplates a welding tool for Welding a stud to a workpiece comprising a body with a main piston reciprocatingly disposed in a cylindrical aperture therein. A chuck adapted to hold the stud is carried by the piston and means including an auxiliary piston reciprocatingly disposed in the aperture are provided for inserting the stud in the chuck. Means are also provided for admitting air under pressure to the end of the aperture adjacent the auxiliary piston to move said auxiliary piston against the force of a spring interposed between the pistons, thereby to insert a stud in the chuck. The main piston is moved by the air until the stud subsequently contacts the workpiece. The contacting of the stud with the workpiece maintains a welding circuit supplying energy to the point of contact of the stud and workpiece. The stud is maintained in forcible contact with the workpiece until the welding is completed, whereupon restoring means return the pistons and concomitantly disconnect the power source after the completion of the weld. In a specific aspect the invention contemplates a welding gun comprising a body having a boss on the side thereof which is fastened to a hollow arm for supporting the gun. The main piston is reciprocatingly disposed in an aperture in the body and biased in a normal position by means of restoring air introduced into said aperture adjacent one side of the main piston through the hollow supporting arm and a connecting aperture in the boss. A main piston rod having an aperture extending throughout the length thereof is fastened at one end to the piston, the other end of the rod being fastened to one end of a collet of a chuck. The other end of the collet ha a plurality of jaws adapted to hold a stud, the inner surfaces of the jaws defining the walls of an aperture axially aligned with the aperture of said rod so that the stud can be inserted through a slot in the rod adjacent the collet either manually or automatically. The rod also carries a connecting member adjustably fastened thereto which is adapted to connect to one terminal of a welding power source whose other terminal is connected to the workpiece. A stop secured to the body cooperates with the connecting member to limit the travel of the chuck. An auxiliary piston rod is carried by an auxiliary piston arranged within the main piston rod to insert the stud in the jaws of the collet. A spring is interposed between the main and auxiliary pistons. Means are provided for admitting air under pressure to the opposite end of the body aperture adjacent the, auxiliary piston to move the auxiliary. piston against the force of the spring so that it contacts the main piston thereby inserting a stud in the chuck. The main piston is subsequently moved thereby until the stud carried by the collet jaws contacts the workpiece to maintain a welding circuit including the welding power source for supplying energy to the point of contact. Upon the removal of the operating air upon the completion of the weld, the restoring air returns to the main system to its normal position and concomitantly disconnects the welding circuit.

These and other objects and aspects will be apparent from the following description of an illustrative specific embodiment of the invention referring to drawings in which:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation view of the welding gun and its supporting arm;

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the welding gun showing the main and auxiliary pistons in their normal positions;

Fig. 3 is a similar cross-sectional view showing the pistons at the end of their respective strokes;

Fig. 4 is a view on line 1-4 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view on line 5-5 of Fi 3;

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary View of the escapement for regulating the rate the studs are supplied to the gun chuck; and

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the electropneumatic system associated with the gun.

In the particular embodiment of the invention chosen for the purpose of illustration, a welding tool or gun In (Fig. 1) is fastened at one end of a cantilever arm H. The opposite end of the arm H is rotatably supported by a vertical member or column I2. The elevation of the arm H with respect to a work table I3 is maintained by a split clamp band. M, the location of which is adjustable so that the position of the gun l0 can be variedto accommodate workpieces having different heights. The lower end of the column [2 terminates in a flange it which is bolted or otherwise secured to the top surface of the work table [3.

The workpiece W to which'a stud w is welded by the gun I0 is supported upon the table I3 beneath the gun being held in intimate contact with the table by means of a pneumatically operated clamp ll thereby insuring low electrical contact resistance therebetween. The welding studs w, preferably similar to those shown in my copending application Serial No. 43,498, are fed either by hand or automatically from a hopper l8 through a conduit such as the tube I 9 into a chuck 2|. The studs w are moved through the tube l3 by the force of gravity, the rate of their fall being regulated by the escapement mechanism 22 so that only one stud is delivered to the chuck 2| during each complete operating cycle of the gun H], as will be described in detail hereinafter.

As is shown in Fig. 2, the gun l comprises a body 23 which is generally cylindrical in shape and has a cylindrical aperture 24 coaxially arranged therein wherein a main piston 25 is reciprocatingly disposed. The piston 26 is hollow, the aperture therein being enlarged at the lower end thereof to accommodate a hollow piston rod 2 the end of which rod is pressed or otherwise secured in the enlarged portion of the piston aperture.

The opposite end of the rod 21 engages the chuck 2 I, the rod end projecting into an aperture 30 in the upper portion of a collet 2B. The wall of the aperture 36 is split, being provided with a slot as at 23 (Fig. 4) so that the tightening of a screw 3! reduces the diameter of the aperture, thereby to clamp the end of the rod 2'! therein. The lower end of the coilet 23 is divided by three additional axial slots 32 to form the jaws 33 having inner surfaces defining an aperture 34 which is in axial alignment with the aperture in the rod 27, being connected therewith by means of a passage having a conical wall 35. The diameter of the aperture 34 is preferably slightly less than the diameter of the stud w to be welded so that the stud does not fall through the aperture but is restrained until forced into the aperture, as described below.

An auxiliary piston rod 36 is disposed within the cylindrical aperture extending throughout the length of the main piston rod 21, being maintained in coaxial relationship therewith by means of a bushing 31. The lower end of the auxiliary rod 36 is reduced in diameter to form a finger 38 which forces the stud is into the jaws 33 of the chuck 2!, as Will be described hereinafter. The upper end of the auxiliary rod is carried by an auxiliary piston 33 which is reciprocatingly disposed in the body aperture 24 between the main piston 26 and a cylinder head 4!, the pistons normally being maintained in spaced relationship by means of a spring 40.

The head 4! is fastened to the body 23 by means of the bolts 42. Centrically located in the head 4! is a threaded aperture for engaging the threads of a compression fitting 43 connecting to a conduit 44 leading to a conventional supply of compressed air (not shown). A soft rubber washer 4c is interposed between a recess in the head 41 and the end of the body 23 to act as a shock absorber for the auxiliary piston 33. The opposite end of the body 23 is closed by a head 4i having an aperture 48 therein through which projects the main piston rod 21, the diameters of the rod and head being such that a small clearance is provided therebetween. The rod 27 is centrally positioned with respect to the aperture 43 by means of a bushing 49 having an aperture which is slidably engaged by the rod. The bushing 49 has a flange 50 which is pinched between the end of the body 23 and the bottom of a recess in the head 41.

The head 41 is secured to the lower end of the body 23 by means of the bolts 5| and 52. The body portion of the bolt 52 is extended so that the head thereof acts as a stop for a connecting piece such as the arm 53. The arm 53 has two parallel circular apertures 54 and 55 therethrough, as is shown in Fig. 5. The wall of the aperture 55 is split at one end of the arm 53 as at 51 so that the arm can be clamped in any selected position with respect to the main piston rod 21 by the tightening of a screw 58. The opposite end of the arm 53 is provided with a recess for an electrical connector 59 for connecting the arm to a cable 6| leading to a terminal of a conventional welding power source such as the capacitors Cl through C5 (Fig. 7) The aperture 54 is provided with an insert, such as the bushing 60 of nonconducting material, for insulating the arm 53 from the body portion of the bolt 52 so that leakage currents do not circulate through the body 23 thereby to pit the pistons 25 and 39.

'i'l'le gun hi is supported by the arm H, as mentioned heretofore, the end of the arm H being threaded to engage the internal threads in an aperture in a flange .62. The flange 62 is fastened to a boss 63 cast integrally with the gun body 23 by means of the bolts 64. The boss 63 and the flange 62 are electrically insulated from one another by means of a nonconducting gasket 55 which is interposed therebetween. The bolts 64 are isolated from the flange 62 by bushings 66 of nonconducting material. Restoring air is introduced into the aperture 24 beneath the main piston 25 by means of the passageways 61 and B8 in the boss 63 which connect with the interior of the hollow arm H. The restoring air enters the arm ll through a conduit 69 (Fig. 1) which is connected to the compressed air supply (not shown).

The escapement 22 (Fig. 6), for controlling the rate at which the studs in are fed to the chuck 2 I, comprises an arm ll having one end secured to the lower end of the body 23, the other end thereof being provided with a pivot 12 for the two pallets l3 and 74. One end of the pallet 14 terminates in a finger 11 which projects through a slot in the wall of the tube I9, its other end 18 being in the path of an actuator 16 carried by the connecting arm 53. A spring 15 is connected between the finger end 11 and the arm H for biasing the pallet 74 so that the travel of the arm 16 is opposed by the end 18 thereof. One end of the pallet '13 terminates in a similar finger 19 projecting through the slot 80 in the wall of the tube l9. The ends 18 and 82 of the pallets l4 and '13, respectively, are maintained in spaced relationship by a spring 8| which is interposed therebetween.

When the chuck 24 is in the normal retracted position shown in Fig. 2, the actuator i5 maintains the pallet 1'4 against the force exerted by the spring l5 in such a position as to retract the finger ll from the slot 85 so that it does not obstruct the passageway in the tube l9. The spring 86 concomitantly urges the pallet 73 so that its finger 79 is maintained in yieldable contact with the stud to thereby restraining the studs stacked above stud w from descending down the tube It. Upon the operation of the gun iii, as will be described in detail hereinafter, the actuator "15 descends, releasing the end it of the pallet 14, whereupon the spring 15 moves the finger ll into the tube l9 thereby to block the passageway therethrough. This movement of the pallet ":34 removes the force exerted upon the lowest stud w by the actuator 16 also so that the stud W drops until its fall is obstructed by the finger 11, the remaining studs descending until a second stud moves into the position previously occupied by the stud to which is being restrained at this point by the finger Tl. As the actuator 16 contacts the end 18 of the pallet 14 upon the return stroke at the end of the welding cycle, the spring 8| is compressed so that the finger l9 exerts a restrainin force upon the stud then adjacent thereto. The finger ll substantially simultaneously releases the stud 10 held thereby so that such stud slides down the tube l9 through a slot 20 in the wall of the rod 21, which slot is adjacent the end of the tube i9 when the rod is in its retracted position.

In Fig. 7 are shown typical electrical and pneumatic connections to the welding gun It). Electric energy for the welding process is supplied from a power source, preferably a bank of capacitors Ci through C5. One terminal of each of the respective capacitors Cl through C5 is connected to the work-supporting table l3 by means of a heavy conducting cable 86 and the normally open contacts of an electrical interlock such as the pneumatically operated switch si The other respective terminals of capacitors Cl through C5 areconnected to the arm 53 by means of the cable 6 i, a variable resistor R, and the correlated conducting straps b. By varying the number of straps b linking the capacitors Cl through C5 to the gun It andthe setting of the resistor B, it is thereby possible to connect the required number of capacitors required to supply a capacitor discharge current suitable for the size'and type of material of the stud w and the workpiece W. The capacitors C|C5 are charged from the terminals (1 and c of a conventional direct power supply (not shown) upon the closing of the nor mally open contact s3 by the energization of a solenoid Ll. During the time intervals between successive operating cycles, the solenoid Ll is energized from the terminals (1 and c by a circuit including a conductor Bl, the normally closed contacts of two switches s1 and s8, the' conductors 88 and 34, and the normally closed contacts of the switches s9 and st! of two pneumatically operated relays whose function will be described in detail hereinafter. The normally open contacts of the switches 51 and 88 are series connected safety interlocks positioned so that it is necessary for the operator to use the palms of both hands simultaneously to close both switches thereby insuring that neither hand is in contact with the welding gun it during the welding cycle.

Restoring air for the welding gun I!) is supplied through the conduit 69 from the conventional compressed air supply, as described heretofore. The operating air for the welding gun Ill is supplied through the conduit 44 and an electrically operated supply valve such as the solenoid operated valve VI preferably from the same'air supply, although it will be understood that separate air supplies may be used for the restoring and operating air respectively.

Upon the opening of the valve V! by the energization of a solenoid L5, as will be described below, operating air is admitted through the head 41 into the upper portion of the body aperture 24 thereby moving the auxiliary piston 39 against the force of the spring 40 so that the finger 38 at the end of the rod 36 forces the stud 10, which has been delivered through the slot 29 in the tube i9 into the jaws 33, as described above. The auxiliary piston 39 then compresses the spring 40 until it contacts the top of the main piston 26, the air trapped between the piston being bled out 6 through a passage 45 in the auxiliary piston rod 36. Both pistons thereupon descend conjointly until the arm 53 contacts the head 55 of the bolt 52, the position of the arm 53 having been previously adjusted with respect to the rod 2! so that the downward motion of the chuck 2| is stopped immediately after the stud w contacts the workpiece W.

Upon the closing of the valve VI after the completion of the weld, the restoring airis supplied through the conduit 69 and supporting arm ll to the portion of the aperture 24 beneath the main piston 26 and returns the main piston to its normal retracted'position. The auxiliary piston 39 is returned to its normal retracted position, as shown in Fig. 2, by the force exerted by the spring 40.

The compressed air for op rating the clamp I! is supplied through the conduit 89 and a manually operated valve V3 which preferably is opened by the use of the operators foot. Air controlled by the valve V3 also is admitted to extend a bellows Bl of a pneumatically operated relay with a contact si2 which is closed by the bellows only after the air pressure has increased sufiiciently to operate the clamp I! in a satisfactory manner so that the workpiece W is secured to the table and a good electrical contact established therebetween before the contact sl2 closes. The contact sl2 thereby acts as an interlock insuring satisfactory electrical contact between the table I3 and the workpiece W before the contact,

closes to maintain the energization of a solenoid L2 from the power source terminals 01 and c by means of a circuit also including the normally open contacts of the palm operated safety switches s1 and s3.

Energization of the solenoid L2 as above operates a control valve V4 whereby air supplied through the foot operated valve V3 is introduced into the conduit 9! I and thereby into the bellows B2 and B3 and a cylinder enclosing a piston 92 for operating the switch sl'. As the air pressure increase in the conduit 9| upon the opening of the valve V4, the following successive steps take place: (1) the normally closed contacts of the switch 89 are opened by the extension of the bellows 132, thus preventing the energizing of the solenoid Ll during the welding cycle; (2) the switch si in the welding circuit is closed against the biasing force of a spring 93 by the piston 92 (3) the bellows B3 is extended to close the normally open contact of the switch sll, thereby energizing the solenoid L5 operating the valve Vi from the power source terminals d and 0 through a circuit also including the conductors 94 and 96. The resulting opening of the valve VI supplies operating air to the gun It] whereby the stud w is moved into contact with the workpiece W, as described heretofore, thereby discharging the capacitors CIC5 through the point of contact, the stud being maintained in forcible contact with the workpiece until welding is completed.

When setting up the gun II], the resistor R is varied and the number of capacitors C connected in the welding circuit of the gun H] by the straps bis determined experimentally so that a complete fusion of the weld is obtained without excessive burning of the stud.

After the set up is complete, the operation during production welding is simple. The operator first places the workpiece W upon the table I3, or if the piece is irregular in shape upon a metal fixture fastened to the top of the table.

The

operator next steps upon the foot operated valve Vii and simultaneously places his hands upon the safety switches s! and st. The resulting opening of the valve Vii, as described above, admits air through the conduit Bil to move a piston 91 of the clamp ll upwardly so that the linger at the opposite end of a lever t8 forces the workpiece W against the table l3, thus insuring a low resistance electrical contact therebetween. The operation of the safety switches Si and 38 opens the normally closed contacts thereof 'to interrupt the circuit energizing the solenoid LI, thereby opening the contact st so that the power source terminals d and c are not short-circuited through the low resistance of the welding circuit during the welding cycle. The opening of the valve V3 also extends the bellows Bl so that the contact sl2 energizes the solenoid L2, thus operating the control valve V4.

Air admitted through the valve V-l increases the pressure in the conduit 9| until the bellows B2 extends to open the contact of the switch st, thus insuring that the accidental closing of the normally closed contacts of the sal'ety switches cl and so will not energize the solenoid Ll during the welding cycle it the operator should remove his hands from the respective switches. A further increase in air pressure exerts sufficient pneumatic force upon the piston 92 to overcome the force exerted by the restoring spring 93, thereby closing the switch sl. The bellows B3 then extends to close the normally open contact of the switch sil to energize the solenoid L5 operating the valve Vi so that the gun it moves the stud w into contact with the workpiece W, as described heretofore.

After the discharge of the capacitors C|C5 has completed the weld, the operator removes his foot to close the valve Vii, thereby reducing the pressure in the conduit 9| so that the bellows Bl collapse opening the contact s i 2, thus moving the valve Vt to vent the conduit ill to atmosphere. The bellows BS collapses upon the reduction of pressure in the conduit 9|, thereby opening the normally open contact of the switch s-ll to deenergize the solenoid L5 of the valve VI. Upon the reduction of the air pressure above the auxiliary piston as of the gun Ill, the restoring air returns the chuck 2! to its retracted position, the stud w being released because of the flexibility of the jaws 33. The contact of the switch s9 closes only after the pressure in the conduit 9| is below that pressure at which the switch sl is opened by the spring 93 so that the welding circuit is opened to prevent the short-circuiting of the power source terminals d and c in the event the gun E 6 fails to retract.

It should be understood that the present disclosure is for the purpose of illustration only and that this invention includes all modifications and equivalents which fall within the scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A welding gun for welding a stud to a work piece comprising means for connecting said gun to one terminal of a welding power source the other terminal of which is connected to said workpiece, a body having a cylindrical aperture thereiny-a main piston reciprocatingly disposed in said aperture, a chuck adapted to hold said stud carried by said piston, means including an auxil- V iary piston reciprocatingly disposed in said aperture for inserting said stud in said chuck, a spring interposed between said pistons, means for ad mitting air under pressure to the end of the aperture adjacent said auxiliary piston to move said auxiliary piston against the force of the spring so that it contacts said main piston thereby inserting a stud in said chuck and subsequently moving said main piston until said stud contacts said workpiece to maintain a welding circuit including said power source for supplying energy to the point of contact, said stud being maintained in forcible contact with said workpiece until the welding is completed, and restoring means for returning said pistons after the completion of the weld.

2. A welding gun for welding a stud to a workpiece comprising means for connecting said gun to one terminal of a welding power source the other terminal of which is connected to said workpiece, a body having a cylindrical apetui'e therein, a main piston reciprocatingly disposed in said aperture, a chuck adapted to hold said stud, a hollow main piston rod having said piston and said chuck fastened at the respective ends thereof, an auxiliary piston reciprocatingly disposed said aperture, means including an auxiliary piston rod carried by said auxiliary piston nd arranged within said main rod whereby said d is inserted in said chuck, a sprin interposed between said pistons, means for adm tting air under pressure to the end of the aperture adjacent said auxiliary piston to move said auxiliary piston against the force of the spring so that it contacts said main piston thereby inserting a stud in said chuck and subsequently moving said main piston until said stud contacts said workpiece to maintain a welding circuit including said power source for supplying energy to the point of contact, said stud being maintained in orcible contact with said workpiece until the ding is completed, and restoring means for returning said pistons after the completion of the weld.

3. A welding gun for welding a stud to a workpiece comprising means for connecting said gun pressure to the end of the aperture adjacent said main piston, and means for admitting operatair under pressure to the opposite end of the aperture adjacent said auxiliary piston to move said auxiliary piston against the force of the spring so that it contacts said main piston thereby inserting a stud in said chuck and subsequently moving said main piston until said stud contacts said workpiece to maintain a welding circuit including said power source for supplying energy to the point of contact, said stud being maintained in forcible contact with said workpiece until the welding is completed, said restoring air returning said main piston upon the removal of the operating air after the completion of the weld.

4. A welding gun for welding a stud to a workpiece comprising means for connecting said gun to one terminal of a welding power source the other terminal of which is connected to said workpiece, a body having a cylindrical aperture fun- I.

therein and a boss on the side thereof with a passageway connecting with one end of said aperture, a hollow arm fastened to said boss to support said gun and having a passageway connecting with the passageway in said boss, a main piston reciprocatingly disposed in said aperture, means including the passageways for introducing restoring air to the end of said aperture adjacent the main piston, a chuck adapted to hold said stud carried by said piston, means including an auxiliary piston reciprocatingly disposed in said aperture for inserting said stud in said chuck, a spring interposed between said pistons, and means .for admitting operating air under pressure to the opposite end of the aperture adjacent said auxiliary piston to move said auxiliary piston against the force of the spring so that it contacts said main piston thereby inserting a stud in said chuck and subsequently moving said main piston until said stud contacts said workpiece to maintain a welding circuit including said power source for supplying energy to the point of contact, said stud being main tained in forceable contact with said workpiece until the welding is completed, said restoring air returning said main piston upon the removal of the operating air after the completion of the weld.

5. A welding gun for welding a stud to a workpiece comprising means for connecting said gun to one terminal of 51, Welding power source the other terminal of which is connected to said workpiece, a body having a cylindrical aperture therein, a main piston reciprocatingly disposed in said aperture, a main piston rod having an aperture extending throughout the length thereof and fastened to One end of said piston, a chuck including a collet having one end fastened to said rod, the other end of said collet having a plurality of jaws adapted to hold said stud, the inner surfaces of said jaws defining the walls of an aperture axially with the aperture of said rod, said rod having a slot adjacent said collet wherein the stud is inserted, an auxiliary piston reciprocatingly disposed in said body aperture, an auxiliary piston rod carried by said auxiliary piston and arranged within said main piston rod for forcing the stud into the jaws of said collet, a spring interposed between said pistons, means for admitting air under pressure to the end of the aperture adjacent said auxiliary piston to move said auxiliary piston against the force of the'spring so that said auxiliary rod inserts a stud in said chuck, said auxiliary piston compressing said spring until it contacts said main piston thereby moving said main piston until said stud contacts said workpiece to maintain a welding circuit including said power source for supplying energy to the point of contact, said stud being maintained in forcible contact with said workpiece until the welding is completed, and restoring means for returning said pistons after the completion of the weld.

6. A welding gun for welding a stud to a workpiece comprising a body having a cylindrical aperture therein, a main piston reciprocatingly disposed in said aperture, a chuck adapted to hold said stud, a hollow main piston rod having said piston and said chuck fastened at the respective ends thereof, an auxiliary piston reciprocatingly disposed in said aperture, a connecting member adjustably fastened to said rod and adapted to be connected to one terminal of a welding power source the other terminal of which is connected to said workpiece, a stop secured to said body and cooperating with said connecting member to limit the travel of said chuck, means including an auxiliary piston rod carried by said auxiliary piston and arranged within said main piston rod to insert said stud in said chuck, a spring interposed between said pistons, and means for admitting air under pressure to the end of the aperture adjacent said auxiliary piston to move said auxiliary pistonagainst the force of the spring so that it contacts said main piston thereby inserting a stud in said chuck and subsequently moving said main piston until said stud contacts said workpiece to maintain a welding circuit including said power source for supplying energy to the point of contact, said stud being maintained in forcible contact with said workpiece until the welding is completed, and restoring means for returning said piston after the completion of the weld.

'7. A welding gun for welding a stud to a workpiece comprisin a body having a cylindrical aperture therein and a boss on the side thereof with a passageway connecting with one end of said aperture, a hollow arm fastened to said boss to support said gun and having a passageway connecting with the passageway in said boss, a main piston reciprocatingly disposed in said aperture, means including the passageways for continuously introducing restoring air to the end of said aperture adjacent the main piston, a main piston rod having an aperture extending throughout the length thereof and fastened at one end to said piston, a chuck including a collet having one end fastened to said rod, the other end of said collet having a plurality of jaws adapted to hold said stud, the inner surfaces of said jaws defining the walls of an aperture axially aligned with the aperture of said rod, said rod having a slot adjacent said collet wherein the stud is inserted, a connecting member adjustably fastened to said rod and adapted to be connected to one terminal of a welding power source the other terminal of which is connected to said workpiece, a stop secured to said body and cooperating with said connecting member to limit the travel of said chuck, an auxiliary piston reciprocatingly disposed within said body aperture, an auxiliary piston rod carried by said auxiliary piston and arranged within said main piston rod to insert said stud in the jaws of said collet, a sprin interposed between said piston, and means for admitting operating air under pressure to the opposite end of the aperture adjacent said auxiliary piston to move said auxiliary piston against the force of the spring so that it contacts said main piston thereby inserting a stud in said chuck and subsequently moving said main piston until said stud contacts said workpiece to maintain a welding circuit including said power source for supplying energy to the point of contact, said stud being maintained in forcible contact with said workpiece until the welding is completed, said restoring air returning said main piston upon the removal of the operating air after the completion of the weld.

HAROLD J. GRAHAM.

Name Date Smith Apr. 27, 1937 Number 

